益生菌系列三之菌種的介紹

說起這益生菌

市場上可說是五花八門

但不是所有的菌種都有一樣的效果

所以今天高藥師就來介紹一下益生菌的菌種Lactobacillus paracasei

也就是LP菌

益生菌的先鋒

市場上第一個打益生菌的樂亦康

就是主要添加LP菌

但是在LP菌的這麼多菌株中

並不是每一菌株都有效

經過長時間的實驗

才確定Lactobacillus paracasei 33

這一株菌

有最棒的效果

稱之為Lp33

也因為良好的效果

統一集團才把這個Lp33菌加入他們的優酪乳裡面

你到7-11都可以買到。

Lactobacillus Fermentum

也就是LF菌

根據一篇2005年的醫學報導

Lactobacillus Fermentum用於治療異位性皮膚炎之效果相當優良

實驗中有26個病患服用LF菌

27個服用安慰劑。

Clin Exp Allergy. 2005 Dec ;35 (12):1557-64 16393321  Clinical effects of probiotics are associated with increased interferon-gamma responses in very young children with atopic dermatitis. Background We recently demonstrated that administration of probiotics resulted in significant clinical improvement in very young children with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). The purpose of this study was to determine the underlying immunological effects that are associated with these apparent clinical benefits. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from children (n=53) at baseline and at the end of an 8-week supplementation period during which they received a probiotic (Lactobacillus fermentum PCCtrade mark) (n=26) or a placebo (n=27). A further sample was collected at 16 weeks (8 weeks after ceasing the supplement). Cytokine (IL-5

IL-6

IL-10

IL-13

IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha) responses to allergens (egg ovalbumin (OVA)

beta lactoglobulin (BLG)

house dust mite (HDM))

vaccines (tetanus toxoid (TT))

diphtheria toxoid (DT))

intestinal flora (heat-killed Lactobacillus (HKLB))

heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus (HKSA)

Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) and mitogen (phytohaemaglutinin (PHA)) were compared. Results The administration of probiotics was associated with a significant increase in T-helper type 1(Th1-type) cytokine IFN-gamma responses to PHA and SEB at the end of the supplementation period (week 8: P=0.004 and 0.046) as well as 8 weeks after ceasing supplementation (week 16: P=0.005 and 0.021) relative to baseline levels of response. No significant changes were seen in the placebo group. The increase in IFN-gamma responses to SEB was directly proportional to the decrease in the severity of AD (r=-0.445

P=0.026) over the intervention period. At the end of the supplementation period (week 8) children receiving probiotics showed significantly higher TNF-alpha responses to HKLB (P=0.018) and HKSA (P=0.011) but this was no longer evident when supplementation ceased (week 16). Although IL-13 responses to OVA were significantly reduced in children receiving probiotics after 8 weeks (P=0.008)

there were no other effects on allergen-specific responses

and this effect was not sustained after ceasing supplementation (week 16). There were no effects on vaccine-specific responses

or on responses to any of the stimuli assessed. Conclusion The improvement in AD severity with probiotic treatment was associated with significant increases in the capacity for Th1 IFN-gamma responses and altered responses to skin and enteric flora. This effect was still evident 2 months after the supplementation was ceased. The lack of consistent effects on allergen-specific responses suggests that the effects of probiotics may be mediated through other independent pathways

which need to be explored further.Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG

也就是LGG菌

是相當有名的一隻菌株

是屬於鼠李糖乳酸桿菌的菌種

醫學上對於它的研究資料相當的多。

芬蘭的科學家曾經在世界知名的Lancet研究期刊l發表了重要的研究成果

他們選定具有異位性體質家族病史的159位孕婦

其中治療組孕婦在生產前2-4週就需每日服用二顆內含一百億單位的LGG菌

產後如有餵母奶的婦女仍需繼續服用

若沒餵母奶的嬰兒則開始餵食LGG菌至嬰兒六個月大。

結果共有132位孕婦完成研究並追蹤直到其小孩滿二歲為止

研究發現

餵食益生菌治療組的64位婦女的小孩中只有15位在二歲前出現異位性皮膚炎的症狀；而對照組68位婦女的小孩則有31位在二歲前出現異位性皮膚炎

因此服用LGG菌似乎具有顯著的預防異位性皮膚炎發生的效果。

Lactobacillus johnsonii

也就是LJ菌

我稍微搜尋一下

並沒有國際醫學上的發表

但是在國內台大有做實驗

只是不知道這樣的報告能不能算數。

不過在我的臨床經驗

對於蕁麻疹

異位性皮膚炎還不錯。

Lactobacillus paracasei Collins et al. 1989

sp. nov.Type strain: strain ATCC 25302 = CCUG 32212 = CIP 103918 = DSM 5622 = IFO (now NBRC) 15889 = JCM 8130 = LMG 13087 = NCIMB 700151 (formerly NCDO 151).Reference: COLLINS (M.D.)

PHILLIPS (B.A.) and ZANONI (P.): Deoxyribonucleic acid homology studies of Lactobacillus casei

Lactobacillus paracasei sp. nov.

subsp. paracasei and subsp. tolerans

and Lactobacillus rhamnosus sp. nov.

comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol.

1989

39

105-108.---